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Professor Hawking received twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982, and was made a Companion of Honour in 1989. Stephen Hawking has three popular books published his best seller A Brief History of Time, Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays and most recently in 2001, The Universe in a Nutshell. Israel, and 300 Years of Gravity, with W. Ellis, General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey, with W.

His many publications include The Large Scale Structure of Spacetime with G.F.R. This would imply that the way the universe began was completely determined by the laws of science.

Another conjecture is that the universe has no edge or boundary in imaginary time. One consequence of such a unification that he discovered was that black holes should not be completely black, but should emit radiation and eventually evaporate and disappear. These results indicated it was necessary to unify General Relativity with Quantum Theory, the other great Scientific development of the first half of the 20th Century. With Roger Penrose he showed that Einstein's General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes. Stephen Hawking worked on the basic laws which govern the universe. It was first held by Isaac Barrow, and then in 1669 by Isaac Newton. The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henry Lucas, who had been the Member of Parliament for the University. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.

he became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. His supervisor was Denis Sciama, although he had hoped to get Fred Hoyle who was working in Cambridge. Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology, there being no-one working in that area in Oxford at the time. After three years and not very much work he was awarded a first class honours degree in Natural Science. Mathematics was not available at University College, so he did Physics instead. Stephen wanted to do Mathematics, although his father would have preferred medicine. At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father's old college. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London. His parents' house was in north London, but during the second world war Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies. Stephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford, England.

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